Draw Circles in Spreadsheet Openoffice

April 10, 2022 Post a Comment

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Plotting Tutorial with LibreOffice Calc

(or Microsoft Excel)

NS101 FALL 2014

LibreOffice Calc is a powerful spreadsheet program, with which y'all can brandish data, perform calculations and create plots. The aim of this tutorial is to innovate and familiarize you with some specific tools that nosotros use in NS101. Follow these steps one by one to larn the basic functioning of the spreadsheet software. Since LibreOffice Calc is very like to Microsoft Excel , y'all tin can about directly apply these tutorial instructions to Excel besides (you will see notes for Excel users in some steps where Excel differs from Calc , and the notes are indicated by ).

Tutorial Card

1. Start the Program

2. Spreadsheet Basics

three. Mathematical Operations

4. Graphing

5. Printing the Graph

half-dozen. Plotting Exercise

1. Start the Programme

To launch the program, go to Get-go on your windows desktop, and then become to Programs >> Libre Office (version) >> LibreOffice Calc

For Microsoft Excel , go to Start >>Programs >>Microsoft Office >>Microsoft Role Excel

2. Spreadsheet Basics

When you open Calc, it volition show an empty spreadsheet, named "Untitled i". Each spreadsheet is called worksheet and you are at present on "Canvass 1" as you tin see at the lesser of the sheet.

Each rectangle is called cell , and each prison cell has a unique proper noun divers by column and row number. Columns are identified by letters (A, B, C, …) in horizontal bar at the acme of the worksheet, and rows are identified by numbers (1, 2, 3, …) in vertical bar on the left side of the worksheet. For example, the start cell on the left upper corner has a name A1.

Go to Acme

3. Mathematical Operations

When you unmarried click a cell, you tin select the cell; whereas double click makes you edit the cell. Let'south double click the prison cell A1. You now see the blinking cursor inside the cell, and whatever you blazon there will announced also in the formula bar on top.

Yous tin type any text in a cell, or yous tin can put a mathematical formula and have Calc perform the mathematical operation. Calc accepts post-obit operators:

Addition	+
Subtraction	-
Multiplication	*
Division	/
Ability	^

Mathematical formula must begin with "=":

For instance, to calculate 4 × 6, blazon "=4*vi" in a prison cell and hit the enter key. The calculation issue appears in the cell, but the formula bar shows the formula yous entered. Notice that if you don't have "=" in front of the formula, information technology will only show "4*6" in the jail cell, equally text.

Calc also has some defined mathematical functions, such as square-root, , and exponent (eastward), as shown below.

Office	Instance	Formula	Consequence
Square root		SQRT(2)	1.41
		3*PI()	9.42
Exponent	due east ⁻ ^iv	EXP(-4)	0.02
Sine	sin( )	SIN(PI()/2)	ane
Cosine	cos( )	COS(three*PI())	-one

Using these pre-divers functions, let us calculate an area ( ) of a circle with a given radius. Enter the 5 different radius values as shown in the left figure. To calculate the area for the first radius (0.one m), double click on B3 cell and enter the formula: "=PI()*", and click on the A3 cell, where the radius value is. This automatically puts "A3" in your formula and highlights the A3 cell, and takes the value of the jail cell. Now, continue typing the formula by adding "^two". When you hit the enter key, the outcome shows as "0.03".

To go out of the input mode without modifying the formula, just hit the escape (ESC) key.

If you get a "#VALUE!" error, it may exist due to the decimal point fault (need to use , instead of .), so read this note on DECIMAL Bespeak ERROR .

At present, if you want to do the aforementioned calculation for all other radius values, you tin easily copy-paste the formula every bit follows:

Click on the B3 cell, and click and hold the blackness square ( ■ ) on the lower correct corner. While however holding the mouse, drag the cursor (shown at present every bit +) directly down the cavalcade B to B7, and allow go. All the cells (B3 to B7) should be filled with the results.

Click on ane of the cells, B5, for example – find that the formula is modified to " =PI()* A5 ^two ", to take into account the radius of 0.3 m in the cell A5.

2 more than useful mathematical functions are Summation (SUM) and Boilerplate (Average). Both functions have a range of numbers/cells as an input, instead of a unmarried number/cell.

SUM

Adds all the numbers in a range of cells.

Syntax

SUM(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30)

Number 1 to Number 30 are upward to 30 arguments whose sum is to be calculated.

Case

SUM(1;2;3;4;5) will return 15 equally the upshot.

SUM(A1;A3;B5) calculates the sum of the three cells.

SUM (A1:E10) calculates the sum of all cells in the A1 to E10 cell range.

Boilerplate

Returns the average of the arguments.

Syntax

Boilerplate(Number1; Number2; ...Number30)

Number1; Number2;...Number 0 are numerical values or ranges.

Example

Average (1;two;three;four;five) will return 3 equally the result.

AVERAGE (A1;A3;B5) calculates the average of the three cells.

Average (A1:E10) calculates the average of all cells in the A1 to E10 cell range.

More detailed consummate listing of functions can be institute under the Help >> OpenOffice.org Assistance: search for "mathematical functions".

In Excel , the list of functions is institute in Formulas tab, under Math & Trig.

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4. Graphing

Allow us go dorsum to the radius and area data, and create a Radius vs. Surface area graph. The radius is now extended up to i.0 thousand. To make a graph, you highlight the data cells (both x and y) that you want to plot the graph with. The left column is to be plotted on x axis, and the correct column is on y axis. In this instance, the range of the cells is A3:B7, and Radius (column A) will be on ten axis, Area (column B) will be on y axis.

Once the data range is highlighted, click on the "Chart" icon on top (or alternatively, go to Insert >> Chart)

It plots a default Column chart, and a Chart Sorcerer window (see below) opens. In the window, select "XY (Besprinkle)".

In Excel , inserting a nautical chart can be done from Insert tab, and then cull Besprinkle >> Scatter with just Markers.

The graph now has been changed to XY besprinkle plot (without lines).

Discover that the radius is in x-axis and area is in y-centrality. Yous can cull to finalize the graph by clicking "End" or cull to change it by going through Data Range, Information Series, and Nautical chart Elements by clicking "Next >>".

In Chart Elements, you can put Title and axis labels of the graph. You can also choose to brandish or not display the legend (shown on the correct in this graph that says "Cavalcade B").

To insert elements or format the chart, you tin can double click the chart and so that the gray border will appear.Insert and Format menus on the toolbar at the very meridian are now customized for the chart.

In Excel , Chart Tools tab appears when you click on the graph surface area, and all of the above-mentioned tools to modify your graph are establish under the Nautical chart Tools. For case,

To alter data range, information series: Design >> Select Data

To add a char title: Layout >> Nautical chart Titles

To add together axis labels: Layout >> Axis Titles

To edit legend: Layout >> Legend

The final graph may look like this:

This graph is not linear (i.eastward., not direct line). As we know, area of a circumvolve is , so area A is not directly proportional to r, and the Surface area vs. Radius graph becomes a bend (a graph of y = axⁱⁱ ). This is fine, simply for science experiments we usually need to "fit" a line to the data points, to draw the general trend suggested past the information. This full general tendency line will then tell us the relation between the variables plotted. Information technology is much easier to fit a straight line to the information than a curve, so it is preferred that you plot data in a style you would expect a linear relationship.

What variables practise you take to plot in order to obtain a straight line graph in this example? What is A directly proportional to?

The reply is that A is directly proportional to r ^two , and therefore, Area vs. Radius² graph should give yous a direct line.

Go to Height

v. Printing the Graph

When a graph is printed on a canvas of paper, the graph should comprehend at least lxxx% of the sheet area for articulate presentation . So earlier printing information technology out, do the post-obit:

Alter the page format to Mural: Get to Format >> Folio… , and in the window go to Page. Click on Mural orientation. Too make sure you have the Format set to A4, not Letter.

Click on the nautical chart that you desire to print out, and copy it and paste it to another empty worksheet (Sheet 2, for example).

Preview the page: Become to File >> Folio Preview. Adjust the size of the graph and the page margins as needed, using the tool bar on top (meet the below image).

To alter margins, click on Margins.

To arrange the size of the graph, use the slide bar

In Excel , press a graph can be simpler:

Click on the graph and then that the graph is selected, then go to the office push button , and click Print >> Print Preview. The default should exist mural, and you should only see the graph maximized to the printing area of the paper. If you need to change the margin or other page setup, click on Folio Setup in the preview window (or from the worksheet, click on Page Layout tab). Brand sure your newspaper size is ready to A4.

Here is an example of a printout. Notice that there are header and footer information printed, with your proper noun on information technology . You lot MUST put your proper name on your graph so that you can identify your printout when you pick upwards from a printer!

The default header is "Sheet 1" and footer is "Page 1".

To change header or footer, become to Format Page on the preview tool bar (see the higher up epitome), and go to Header or Footer section. At that place, click on Edit.

You tin can type any header / footer data that yous want to be appeared on your graph print out. The dropdown menu already has some options with your name in them, so you tin can also choose one of those.

Merely your proper name is absolutely required, but printing date may also be useful.

Footer information is optional.

In Excel , the same things can exist washed from a print preview window:

Go to Page Setup >> Header/Footer

Or alternatively from the worksheet, go to Insert >> Header & Footer

Get to Acme

6. Plotting Do

You lot measure the radii and areas of various circles in order to determine the relation between the radius and its area of a circle. The data collected are shown in the tabular array below.

Radius	Area
(m)	(m ^two )
0.19	0.ii
0.34	0.4
0.41	0.5
0.60	0.8
0.62	one.1
0.68	ane.v
0.75	2.one
0.92	2.9
one.03	iii.i

i. Enter these data in a worksheet. If your entered value shows less significant figures (for example, you entered 0.sixty but shows as 0.half-dozen), y'all can alter that past right clicking on the cell: choose Format Cells... >> Number, and you see an pick of changing Decimal places.

DECIMAL Betoken Mistake

If default linguistic communication of Calc or Microsoft Excel i southward Turkish, you might become "number stored as text" (or "#VALUE!") error if you type decimal points past using point (.) such as (1.02). In this case you should either utilize comma (,) to write decimals such as (i,02) or modify default linguistic communication to English by following these steps:

Go to Tools >> Options... and choose Language Settings >> Languages.
Set Locale setting to English (U.s.a.) and check the box for the "Decimal separator fundamental" option that says "Same as Locale setting (.)"

Microsoft Excel

Click Offset , click All Programs , click Microsoft Office , click Microsoft Office Tools , and then click Microsoft Office 2007 Language Settings .
Click the Editing Languages tab.
Choose your default linguistic communication as "English (United states of america)".

two. Plot the Expanse vs. Radius² graph.

To do this, you will demand to first make a column of Radiusⁱⁱ and summate them. Then, follow the pedagogy described in the Graphing department above.

By default, the first column of your data choice is plotted on x-axis and the second column on y-axis. Make sure that yous take Surface area in y-axis and Radius² in x-axis. If you need to switch them, get to Data Serial in the Chart Wizard, and select the correct range for X-Values and Y-Values (or alternatively, double click the chart, and become to Format >> Data Ranges… to open up the same window).

Clicking Select Information Range icon volition allow you choose the data range interactively.

In Excel , nether the Chart Tools tab, Select Data >> Edit lets yous edit X Y data ranges separately. Click on to choose the range interactively.

3. Brand certain yous put the title and axis labels (with units) on your graph.

iv. To "fit" a line or curve using the spreadsheet, do the following:

Select the nautical chart by double-cilcking the chart
Right click on a information signal and select "Insert Trend Line" ("Add Trendline" in Excel)
Select Regression Type -- "Exponential", "Linear", etc., and likewise select "Evidence Equation" ("Brandish Equation on chart" in Excel)

5. To "fit" a line to your data by hand, impress out the nautical chart (make certain your name is on the header) and follow the stride 6.

half-dozen. Depict a straight line that fits the data (this is called the best-fit line). The ideal best-fit line should take equal number of data points on each side of the line, with minimum possible distance from each data point. With real experimental information, any of the data points may not exist on the best-fit line, simply information technology is fine as long every bit the line satisfies these conditions and describes the trend of the data.

Examples of a good fit and a bad fit:

7. Summate the slope of the all-time-fit line. Testify your calculations on the graph paper.

Case : A graph of distance (d) vs. Time (t) is plotted, and the best-fit line has been fatigued. For the gradient adding, pick any two points on the best-fit line and make a correct triangle, equally shown in the figure. Do NOT use the actual data points unless they are exactly on the all-time-fit line. A bigger triangle is amend. The slope of a directly line is , so hither we accept:

Always keep the units in your slope calculation: the slope also has units (or can be unitless when ten and y units cancel each other). Note the units of the gradient here – this is the velocity.

8. What is this slope supposed to be according to the area-of-a-circle formula? Write down your answer on the graph paper.

NS101 Plotting Tutorial, Sabanc� University

Writer: Yuki Kaneko Terminal modified on: 1 April, 2014